Spain has the largest number of vineyards in the world. However, it does not have the highest production. That would be Italy first, with France as a close second. The reason for this is the density of the vineyards, and the yield per hectare. Spain has a wine-making tradition since 3000-4000 BCE, with a flourishing trade established through Cadiz as early as 1100 BCE.
The country of Spain is home to a great number of indigenous grapes, over 400. The most famous are Airén, Tempranillo, Garnacha, Monastrell, Albarino, and Verdejo. Apart from a prominent red and white wine production, it is also known for its cultivation of sparkling wine (cava) and reinforced wine (sherry).
The most famous Spanish wines come from the regions Rioja and Ribera del Duero.